Editor\u2019s Note: This is the latest in a series from the Poole College of Management and the Enterprise Risk Management Initiative<\/a> that taps experts from across NC State to explore societal issues through the lens of risk management.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n The scope and cost of cyberattacks are staggering. Global losses from data breaches are measured in the hundreds of billions, and the average breach costs an organization $4.4 million, according to IBM<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n But the cost of cyber risk is only one part of the picture. Cyberattacks affect every industry; in the last few months alone, they’ve brought European air travel to a standstill<\/a> and crippled Jaguar Land Rover’s automobile production<\/a>. Those were malicious attacks, but unintentional cybersecurity breaches are a major source of risk, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n “It’s inevitable,” said Laurie Williams, Goodnight Distinguished University Professor of Security Sciences and director of NC State’s Secure Software Supply Chain Center<\/a> (S3C2). “There are vulnerabilities, and you’re going to have to react to them.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n